Nasser Yazdani

According to our database, Nasser Yazdani authored at least 112 papers between 1994 and 2025.

Collaborative distances:

• Dijkstra number of four.
• Erdős number of four.

2025

Using attentive temporal GNN for dynamic trust assessment in the presence of malicious entities.

Besat Jafarian, Nasser Yazdani, Mohammad Sayad Haghighi

Expert Syst. Appl., 2025

2023

Developing a Novel Hierarchical VPLS Architecture Using Q-in-Q Tunneling in Router and Switch Design.

Morteza Biabani, Nasser Yazdani, Hossein Fotouhi

Comput., August, 2023

2022

EE-MSWSN: Energy-Efficient Mobile Sink Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Morteza Biabani, Nasser Yazdani, Hossein Fotouhi

IEEE Internet Things J., 2022

Stochastic model-driven capacity planning framework for multi-access edge computing.

Reza Shojaee, Nasser Yazdani

Computing, 2022

2021

REFIT: Robustness Enhancement Against Cascading Failure in IoT Networks.

Morteza Biabani, Nasser Yazdani, Hossein Fotouhi

IEEE Access, 2021

Speed up Cassandra read path by using Coordinator Cache.

Latifa Azizi Vakili, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 26th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, 2021

PERMUTE: Response Time and Energy Aware Virtual Machine Placement for Cloud Data Centers.

Benyamin Eslami, Morteza Biabani, Mohsen Shekarisaz, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 26th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, 2021

2020

An Energy-Efficient Evolutionary Clustering Technique for Disaster Management in IoT Networks.

Morteza Biabani, Hossein Fotouhi, Nasser Yazdani

Sensors, 2020

Modeling and performance analysis of smart map application in the Multi-access Edge Computing paradigm.

Reza Shojaee, Nasser Yazdani

Pervasive Mob. Comput., 2020

Discrimination-aware trust management for social internet of things.

Besat Jafarian, Nasser Yazdani, Mohammad Sayad Haghighi

Comput. Networks, 2020

2019

Bayesian-based Anonymization Framework against Background Knowledge Attack in Continuous Data Publishing.

Fatemeh Amiri, Nasser Yazdani, Azadeh Shakery, Shen-Shyang Ho

Trans. Data Priv., 2019

LBFT: Load Balancing and Fault Tolerance in distributed controllers.

Ayeh Mahjoubi, Omid Zeynalpour, Benyamin Eslami, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 2019 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications, 2019

2018

Bottom-up sequential anonymization in the presence of adversary knowledge.

Fatemeh Amiri, Nasser Yazdani, Azadeh Shakery

Inf. Sci., 2018

2017

Analytical performance models for resource allocation schemes of cloudlet in mobile cloud computing.

Hassan Raei, Nasser Yazdani

J. Supercomput., 2017

Modeling and performance analysis of cloudlet in Mobile Cloud Computing.

Hassan Raei, Nasser Yazdani, Reza Shojaee

Perform. Evaluation, 2017

Performability analysis of cloudlet in mobile cloud computing.

Hassan Raei, Nasser Yazdani

Inf. Sci., 2017

A self-organized load balancing mechanism for cloud computing.

Hadi Khani, Nasser Yazdani, Siamak Mohammadi

Concurr. Comput. Pract. Exp., 2017

2016

Game of energy consumption balancing in heterogeneous sensor networks.

Hamed Khanmirza, Nasser Yazdani

Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., 2016

Hierarchical anonymization algorithms against background knowledge attack in data releasing.

Fatemeh Amiri, Nasser Yazdani, Azadeh Shakery, Amir H. Chinaei

Knowl. Based Syst., 2016

An efficient medium access control protocol for WSN-UAV.

Muhammad Amin Araghizadeh, Peyman Teymoori, Nasser Yazdani, Saeed Safari

Ad Hoc Networks, 2016

2015

Strategic Network Formation Game for Energy Consumption Balancing.

Hamed Khanmirza, Nasser Yazdani

Wirel. Pers. Commun., 2015

Analytical performance model for mobile network operator cloud.

Hassan Raei, Nasser Yazdani

J. Supercomput., 2015

Architecture Support for Tightly-Coupled Multi-Core Clusters with Shared-Memory HW Accelerators.

Masoud Dehyadegari, Andrea Marongiu, Mohammad Reza Kakoee, Siamak Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani, Luca Benini

IEEE Trans. Computers, 2015

Distributed consolidation of virtual machines for power efficiency in heterogeneous cloud data centers.

Hadi Khani, Amin Latifi, Nasser Yazdani, Siamak Mohammadi

Comput. Electr. Eng., 2015

2014

Directional Neighbor Selection Game in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Ad Hoc Sens. Wirel. Networks, 2014

Evaluating passive neighborhood discovery for Low Power Listening MAC protocols.

Hamed Khanmirza, Olaf Landsiedel, Marina Papatriantafilou, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the IEEE 10th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, 2014

2013

Neighbor Selection Game in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Wirel. Pers. Commun., 2013

DT-MAC: An Efficient and Scalable Medium Access Control Protocol for Wireless Networks.

Peyman Teymoori, Nasser Yazdani, Ahmad Khonsari

IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., 2013

Distributed fair DRAM scheduling in network-on-chips architecture.

Masoud Dehyadegari, Siamak Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

J. Syst. Archit., 2013

Delay-Constrained Optimized Packet Aggregation in High-Speed Wireless Networks.

Peyman Teymoori, Nasser Yazdani

J. Comput. Sci. Technol., 2013

A Risk Taking Routing Algorithm for Delay Tolerant Networks.

Maziar Mirzazad Barijough, Nasser Yazdani, Djamshid Tavangarian, Robil Daher

Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, 2013

2012

Energy-efficient topology control in wireless ad hoc networks with selfish nodes.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani, Amir Nayyeri

Comput. Networks, 2012

A tightly-coupled multi-core cluster with shared-memory HW accelerators.

Masoud Dehyadegari, Andrea Marongiu, Mohammad Reza Kakoee, Luca Benini, Siamak Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, 2012

A real-time data aggregation method for fault-tolerant wireless sensor networks.

Peyman Teymoori, Mehdi Kargahi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, 2012

A Risk-Reward Competitive Analysis for Online Routing Algorithms in Delay Tolerant Networks.

Maziar Mirzazad Barijough, Nasser Yazdani, Djamshid Tavangarian, Robil Daher, Hadi Khani

Proceedings of the Internet of Things, Smart Spaces, and Next Generation Networking, 2012

A new Cat Swarm Optimization based algorithm for reliability-oriented task allocation in distributed systems.

Reza Shojaee, Hamid Reza Faragardi, Sara Alaee, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Telecommunications, 2012

Power-aware game for cloud computing: A distributed mechanism based on Game Theory for minmizing power consumption in cloud scale datacenter.

Hadi Khani, Nasser Yazdani, Siamak Mohammadi

Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Telecommunications, 2012

DEED: Dynamic energy efficient distributed cluster forming algorithm for Wireless Sensors Network.

Muhammad Amin Araghizadeh, Nasser Yazdani, Saeed Safari, Alireza Hedayati

Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Telecommunications, 2012

A Novel Community Detection Algorithm for Privacy Preservation in Social Networks.

Fatemeh Amiri, Nasser Yazdani, Heshaam Faili, Alireza Rezvanian

Proceedings of the Intelligent Informatics, 2012

Reliability-Aware Task Allocation in Distributed Computing Systems using Hybrid Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search.

Hamid Reza Faragardi, Reza Shojaee, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communication & 9th IEEE International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems, 2012

A New Algorithm for Positive Influence Dominating Set in Social Networks.

Hassan Raei, Nasser Yazdani, Masoud Asadpour

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, 2012

2011

An analytical model of delay in multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks.

Euhanna Ghadimi, Ahmad Khonsari, Abolfazl Diyanat, M. Farmani, Nasser Yazdani

Wirel. Networks, 2011

Mutual information-based feature selection for intrusion detection systems.

Fatemeh Amiri, Mohammad Mahdi Rezaei Yousefi, Caro Lucas, Azadeh Shakery, Nasser Yazdani

J. Netw. Comput. Appl., 2011

Suitability of Cloud Computing for Scientific Data Analyzing Applications; An Empirical Study.

Alireza Angabini, Nasser Yazdani, Thomas Mundt, Fatemeh Hassani

Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on P2P, 2011

2010

On the Handling of Node Failures: Energy-Efficient Job Allocation Algorithm for Real-time Sensor Networks.

Hamid Karimi, Mehdi Kargahi, Nasser Yazdani

J. Inf. Process. Syst., 2010

A3CRank: An adaptive ranking method based on connectivity, content and click-through data.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Pedram Ghodsnia, Nasser Yazdani, Farhad Oroumchian

Inf. Process. Manag., 2010

DMP-tree: A dynamic M-way prefix tree data structure for strings matching.

Nasser Yazdani, Hossein Mohammadi

Comput. Electr. Eng., 2010

2009

FICA: A novel intelligent crawling algorithm based on reinforcement learning.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani, Pedram Ghodsnia

Web Intell. Agent Syst., 2009

Joint range assignment and routing to conserve energy in wireless ad hoc networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani, Ahmad Khonsari, Hamid Hajabdolali Bazzaz

Comput. Networks, 2009

A configurable packet switch core.

Hadi Khani, Nasser Yazdani, Majid Shahabfar

Proceedings of the 9th IFAC Workshop on Programmable Devices and Embedded Systems, 2009

Map-Based Compressive Sensing Model for Wireless Sensor Network Architecture, A Starting Point.

Mohammadreza Mahmudimanesh, Abdelmajid Khelil, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Mobile Wireless Middleware, Operating Systems, and Applications, 2009

Energy-Efficient Cluster-Based Scheme for Handling Node Failure in Real-Time Sensor Networks.

Hamid Karimi, Mehdi Kargahi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Conference on Dependable, 2009

Loss-Aware Geographic Routing for Unreliable Wireless Sensor Networks.

Euhanna Ghadimi, Ahmad Khonsari, Mohammad Sadegh Talebi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2009

2008

DistanceRank: An intelligent ranking algorithm for web pages.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani

Inf. Process. Manag., 2008

Joint resource conserving and load distributing approaches for routing of survivable connections.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Comput. Commun., 2008

Efficient construction of network topology to conserve energy in wireless ad hoc networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani

Comput. Commun., 2008

A logarithmic scheduling algorithm for high speed input-queued switches.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani, Sayed Vahid Azhari

Comput. Commun., 2008

Load sensitive topology control: Towards minimum energy consumption in dense ad hoc sensor networks.

Amir Nayyeri, Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani, Mohammad Mahmoody-Ghidary

Comput. Networks, 2008

Delay Efficient MAC Protocol for Diffusion based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Amir Yahyavi, Hamid Khalili, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the WINSYS 2008, 2008

Intrusion K-Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Seyed Amir Yahyavi Firouz Abadi, Laleh Roostapoor, Roohollah Aslanzadeh, Mehdi Dehghan, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the WINSYS 2008, 2008

AntMig: A Novel Code Migration Method to Conserve Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Foroogh Anoosha, Reza Shokri, Nasser Yazdani, Amir Nayyeri

Proceedings of the WCNC 2008, IEEE Wireless Communications & Networking Conference, March 31 2008, 2008

DyKCo: Dynamic k-coverage in wireless sensor networks.

Amir Yahyavi, Laleh Roostapoor, Roohollah Aslanzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, 2008

Resource Placement in Cube-Connected Cycles.

Paria Moinzadeh, Hamid Sarbazi-Azad, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, 2008

GWRR: Greedy Weighted Region Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Euhanna Ghadimi, Nasser Yazdani, Ahmad Khonsari

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2008

Ontology Matching Using Vector Space.

Zahra Eidoon, Nasser Yazdani, Farhad Oroumchian

Proceedings of the Advances in Information Retrieval , 2008

2007

Effect of the contention window size on performance and fairness of the IEEE 802.11 standard.

Azade Khalaj, Nasser Yazdani, Maseud Rahgozar

Wirel. Pers. Commun., 2007

A scalable group communication mechanism for mobile agents.

Hojjat Jafarpour, Nasser Yazdani, Navid Bazzazzadeh

J. Netw. Comput. Appl., 2007

Improving performance of transport protocols in multipath transferring schemes.

Maysam Yabandeh, Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Comput. Commun., 2007

A routing framework for load balancing of bandwidth sensitive traffic in differentiated service networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani, Hamed Khanmirza

Comput. Networks, 2007

A Sociological Perspective on the Reordering Problem in Multipath Routing.

Maysam Yabandeh, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani, Caro Lucas

Cybern. Syst., 2007

FICA: A Fast Intelligent Crawling Algorithm.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani, Pedram Ghodsnia

Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE / WIC / ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, 2007

A Vector Based Method of Ontology Matching.

Zahra Eidoon, Nasser Yazdani, Farhad Oroumchian

Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Semantics, 2007

Efficient and Adjustable Recipient Anonymity in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.

Reza Shokri, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani, Panos Papadimitratos

Proceedings of the IEEE 4th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, 2007

A Distributed Clustering Algorithm for Fault-Tolerant Event Region Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Ali Abbasi, Euhanna Ghadimi, Ahmad Khonsari, Nasser Yazdani, Mohamed Ould-Khaoua

Proceedings of the Frontiers of High Performance Computing and Networking ISPA 2007 Workshops, 2007

A punishment/reward based approach to ranking.

Pedram Ghodsnia, Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 2nf International Conference on Scalable Information Systems, 2007

Anonymous Routing in MANET Using Random Identifiers.

Reza Shokri, Maysam Yabandeh, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (ICN 2007), 2007

E2E-PACK: A Cross-Layer Design for Multipath Routing over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.

Maysam Yabandeh, Nasser Yazdani, Mahmoud Reza Hashemi

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on COMmunication System softWAre and MiddlewaRE (COMSWARE 2007), 2007

Chain-Based Anonymous Routing for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Reza Shokri, Nasser Yazdani, Ahmad Khonsari

Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2007

2006

Energy conserving movement-assisted deployment of ad hoc sensor networks.

Hamid Mousavi, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani, Caro Lucas

IEEE Commun. Lett., 2006

An Algorithm to Enhance the Network Selection Performance in an Integrated UMTS/WLAN Environment.

Abolfazl Nazari, Nasser Yazdani, Naser Rezayi

Proceedings of the WINSYS 2006, 2006

Joint Range and Load Considerations for Topology Control in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Third Annual IEEE Communications Society on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 2006

DDPM: Dynamic Deterministic Packet Marking for IP Traceback.

Reza Shokri, A. Varshovi, Hossein Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani, B. Sadeghian

Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2006

Load Sensitive Topology Control for Energy Conservation in Ad Hoc Sensor Networks.

Amir Nayyeri, Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Global Telecommunications Conference, 2006. GLOBECOM '06, San Francisco, CA, USA, 27 November, 2006

Consumer oriented state aggregation using reinforcement learning approach.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Amir Nayyeri, Nasser Yazdani, Caro Lucas

Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2006

A Genetic-Driven Instruction Set for High Speed Network Processors.

Hossein Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA 2006), 2006

2005

Optimizing SMT processors for IP-packet processing.

Behnam Robatmili, Nasser Yazdani, Mehrdad Nourani

Microprocess. Microsystems, 2005

A Fast and Efficient Explicit Multicast Routing Protocol.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

IEICE Trans. Commun., 2005

Next Branch Multicast (NBM) routing protocol.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

Comput. Networks, 2005

Core Based Multipath Routing in DiffServ Networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Hamed Khanmirza, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2005), 2005

ADPQ: An Adaptive Approach for Expedited Forwarding Traffic Scheduling.

Hamed Khanmirza, Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2005), 2005

On the Efficiency of Explicit Multicast Routing Protocols.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani, Siavash Samadian-Barzoki

Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2005), 2005

Improving Sama Group Communication Mechanism for Mobile Agents via a Hop-Ring Protocol.

Navid Bazzazzadeh, Nasser Yazdani, Hojjat Jafarpour

Proceedings of The 2005 International Conference on Internet Computing, 2005

2004

Thread-Sensitive Instruction Issue for SMT Processors.

Behnam Robatmili, Nasser Yazdani, Somayeh Sardashti, Mehrdad Nourani

IEEE Comput. Archit. Lett., 2004

Linkcast: Fast and Scalable Multicast Routing Protocol.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Siavash Samadian-Barzoki, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the NETWORKING 2004, 2004

A case for dense-mode multicast support in MPLS.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Siavash Samadian-Barzoki, M. Nikoopour, Nasser Yazdani, Nasser Rezaee

Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2006), June 28, 2004

A multipath algorithm for premium traffic routing in Diffserv networks.

Sajjad Zarifzadeh, Hamed Khanmirza, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2004

Improving Data Distribution in Branching Point Based Multicast Protocols.

Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Siavash Samadian-Barzoki, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Information Networking, 2004

Accelerating Computation Bounded IP Lookup Methods by Adding Simple Instructions.

Hossein Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Universal Multiservice Networks: Third European Conference, 2004

NPSMT: A Simulation Environment for SMT Packet Processors.

Behnam Robatmili, Nasser Yazdani, Mehrdad Nourani

Proceedings of the ISCA 17th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems, 2004

2003

Sama: A Scalable Group Communication Mechanism for Mobile Agents.

Hojjat Jafarpour, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the ACIS Fourth International Conference on Software Engineering, 2003

A Fast Group Communication Mechanism for Large Scale Distributed Objects.

Hojjat Jafarpour, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the On The Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2003: OTM 2003 Workshops, 2003

HASIL: hardware assisted software-based IP lookup for large routing tables.

Hossein Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani, Behnam Robatmili, Mehrdad Nourani

Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2003

An MPLS Broadcast Mechanism and Its Extension for Dense-Mode Multicast Support.

Siavash Samadian-Barzoki, Mozafar Bag Mohammadi, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the Information Networking, 2003

A High Speed ATM/IP Switch Fabric Using Distributed Scheduler.

Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki, Nasser Yazdani, Sayed Vahid Azhari, Siavash Samadian-Barzoki

Proceedings of the Information Networking, 2003

Providing Delay Guarantee in Input Queued Switches: A Comparative Analysis of Scheduling Algorithms.

Sayed Vahid Azhari, Nasser Yazdani, Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki

Proceedings of the Information Networking, 2003

Augmenting general purpose processors for network processing.

Hamid Reza Ghasemi, Hossein Mohammadi, Behnam Robatmili, Nasser Yazdani

Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology, 2003

2002

Performing IP Lookup on Very High Line Speed.

Nasser Yazdani, Nazila Salimi

Proceedings of the EurAsia-ICT 2002: Information and Communication Technology, 2002

Neural Network Based Algorithms for IP Lookup and Packet Classification.

Mehran Mahramian, Nasser Yazdani, Karim Faez, Hassan Taheri

Proceedings of the EurAsia-ICT 2002: Information and Communication Technology, 2002

2001

Prefix Trees: New Efficient Data Structures for Matching Strings of Different Lengths.

Nasser Yazdani, Paul S. Min

Proceedings of the International Database Engineering & Applications Symposium, 2001

1997

Matching and Indexing Sequences of Different Lengths.

Tolga Bozkaya, Nasser Yazdani, Z. Meral Özsoyoglu

Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM'97), 1997

1996

Sequence Matching of Images.

Nasser Yazdani, Z. Meral Özsoyoglu

Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management, 1996

1994

A Framework for Feature-Based Indexing for Spatial Databases.

Nasser Yazdani, Z. Meral Özsoyoglu, Gultekin Özsoyoglu

Proceedings of the Seventh International Working Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management, 1994